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Analysis of additive rhematizers in Czech and in Spanish
VLACHOVÁ, Sabina
The aim of this diploma thesis is a comparison of Czech and Spanish actualizers, in other words lexical units emphasizing sentence elements. The comparative analysis is based on data obtained from parallel corpus Intercorp. The work consists of two main parts. The first part, which is divided into chapters and subchapters, deals with problematics of actualizers featuring particular sentence structure and considering the view of Czech and Spanish linguists dealing with expressions used for emphasizing certain lexical units in the sentence. The second part consists of analysis of particular actualizers with aid of parallel corpus Intercorp. This analysis is focused on the ways to express Czech actualizers in the target language, which is Spanish.
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Some Syntactic Phenomena Related to Computer-Aided Translation from German into Czech
Jurenka, Jakub ; Svoboda, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kloudová, Věra (referee)
The thesis looks at computer-aided translation (CAT), which, along with machine translation (MT), stands for the use of information technology in translation, but, unlike MT, is not of primary concern for Translation Studies research. Based on the current state of research, this thesis aims to address the syntax of CAT text output. The theoretical part first describes the working principles of CAT tools and presents them in the context of general translation studies, then defines information structure and endophoric reference as the syntactic phenomena to be analysed. Finally it provides a methodological model for the empirical part. Using a set of texts translated with CAT tools and a set of texts translated without them, the empirical part seeks to check whether translators using CAT tools tend to shift from the syntagmatic approach to text to a more paradigmatic one. To this end, an analysis is carried out to determine the interference rate in the information structure of the target texts as well as the rate of subjectively motivated shifts in distant endophoric reference. The final part of the thesis confronts the analysis results and the data reflecting the process of producing the collected texts in order to take into account other potential factors than the use of CAT tools. With regard to...
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On Word Order from the Communicative Point of View
Rysová, Kateřina ; Zikánová, Šárka (advisor) ; Uhlířová, Ludmila (referee) ; Hajičová, Eva (referee)
1 Kateřina Rysová Annotation The presented thesis is focused on the Czech word order of contextually non-bound verbal modifications. It monitors whether there is a basic order in the contextually non-bound part of the sentence (significantly predominant in frequency) in the surface word order (cf. narodit se v Brně v roce 1950 vs. narodit se v roce 1950 v Brně; literally to be born in Brno in 1950 vs. to be born in 1950 in Brno). At the same time, we try to find out the factors influencing the word order (such as the form of modifications, their lexical expression or the effect of verbal valency). Finally, we briefly compare the word order tendencies in Czech and German. For the verification of the objectives, mainly the data from the Prague Dependency Treebank are used. The work is based on the theoretical principles of Functional Generative Description. Research results demonstrate that, at least in some cases, it is possible to detect certain general tendencies to use preferably one of two possible surface word order sequences in Czech. Abstract The aim of the doctoral thesis is to describe particular aspects of the Czech (and partly also German) word order in the sentences coming mainly from journalistic texts. The first part examines the role of different types of verbal modifications in sentence...
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Topic-focus articulation in newspaper and news server
Pirnerová, Helena ; Hajičová, Eva (advisor) ; Rysová, Kateřina (referee)
The diploma thesis is focused on an analysis of the first sentences of newspaper articles namely from an aspect of the topic-focus articulation, which is expressed in Czech primarily by word order. The word order depending on the increasing communicative dynamism of words in the sentence might be changed from an objective word order if new information follows known or before mentioned information into subjective word order resulting in a reverse order. E.g.: The CEZ group showed record profit of 52 milliard CZK last year, a reverse word order: (literal translation) Record profit (Obj) of 52 milliard CZK the CEZ group(Subj) showed last year. In our thesis, we describe the above mentioned changes and we determine sets of cases comprising the modifications and we attempt to specify kinds of rules and principles resulting in different word orders. The sentence in the case of the subjective word order begins with an object, an adverbial of time, place, or condition. Anyway, not always a sentence constituent at the beginning of the sentence indicates the subjective word order. A significant role in the analysis is played by head- lines, which affect considerably the result. We focus ou attention on sentences expressing a placement on the scene. These sentences are assessed in relation with the head-lines...
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Category of Determination: Translation strategy of Spanish literary texts into Czech.
ZEWELOVÁ, Andrea
My thesis consists of two parts. First part is theoretical in which I´m introducing meanings of reference and determinant as described by eminent authors, followed by description of the main uses of definite and indefinete articles and I´m finishing the first part by introducing the current Sentence Segmentation. The second part of the Thesis is practical and here I´m working on quantitative analysis of determination and its translation itno Czech. I´m analyzing a tale called La tortuga gigante from the book Cuentos de la Selva written by Horacio Quiroga and its further Czech translation by Ada Vesela. Determinants are my main focus, articles in particular and their translation into Czech.
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Syntactic Means of Rhematisation in Contemporary French in Comparison to Czech
ELIŠKOVÁ, Kristýna
The aim of the thesis "Syntactic Means of Rhematisation in Contemporary French in Comparison to Czech" is to describe syntactic means of rhematisation in French and denote its parallel in Czech language. First part of the thesis deals with the theoretical resources concerning Functional sentence perspective mainly in Czech-written literature by the most important authors (F. Daneš, J. Firbas, P. Sgall and others) and it also describes French conceptions by B. Combettes and M. Rothenberg concerning thematisation and rhematisation in French. The second part, which is practical, shows the concrete use of means described. The phrases are quoted from the literary texts contained in language corpus InterCorp.
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